Kaori AokiChief Technology Officer · Essays & perspective

Chief Technology Officer Japan

Kaori Aoki

A bank's systems deserve trust only as far as they have been tried under the conditions that would break them.

Portrait of Kaori Aoki

Leadership paper / 01

Shared core systems and concentration risk5 min read

Bank technology prepared for a difficult night

Abstract
Regional banks are right to join shared core systems, but the savings arrive with a concentration of failure that member banks rarely test together. Each member should insist on joint failure exercises and keep its own fallbacks for the few services customers cannot do without.
Read the full paper

Experience in figures

Deposits running on the shared core
¥5.5tn
Shiomine Bank, March 2026; 3.4 million accounts moved in May 2025
Annual technology spending
¥14.2bn
Year to March 2026: ¥9.6bn running, ¥4.6bn change
Measured restore time for critical systems
9h 40m
Isolated 2025 test, against 61 hours in 2023

Mandate

Fields of practice.

  1. 01

    Moving a bank's core onto a shared system

  2. 02

    Mainframe estates and the knowledge inside them

  3. 03

    Cloud adoption within supervisory expectations

  4. 04

    Cyber resilience measured by restore time

  5. 05

    Cashless payments for a regional economy

The journal

Further reading.

  1. 02

    Mainframe skills and institutional knowledge5 min read

    Our mainframe engineers knew the bank, not just COBOL

    The shortage of mainframe skills is usually described as a shortage of programmers. What a bank actually loses when its engineers retire is the knowledge of why its systems treat customers as they do, and it should pay to keep that knowledge in a form the business owns.

  2. 03

    Cloud adoption under supervisory expectations5 min read

    Move to the cloud only as far as you have rehearsed leaving

    Japanese supervisors allow banks to use public cloud, provided the bank stays responsible for what it outsources. For a regional bank the honest test of that responsibility is an exit it has actually performed, and the pace of adoption should follow the exits it can rehearse.

Open to Board appointments · Advisory roles · Speaking invitations

Start a conversation

I judge a bank's technology by how its customers fare on the night it fails, so I pay for rehearsal, recovery and a plain explanation before I pay for new features.

I am managing executive officer and chief technology officer of Shiomine Financial Group, a regional bank holding company listed on the Prime Market of the Tokyo Stock Exchange, and of its bank, Shiomine Bank, headquartered in Niigata. We hold ¥5.5 trillion of deposits for about 1.6 million customers through 126 branches. I lead our Systems Division and technology subsidiary, about 330 people alongside roughly 300 partner engineers, with technology spending of ¥14.2 billion in the year to March 2026. I report to our president, Hideaki Tsukigase, and present system risk to our board twice a year.

I began in April 1995 as a mainframe programmer at a systems integrator, and spent eleven months of 1997 in Niigata writing interest calculations for the deposit system this bank retired in May 2025. I then helped run an internet-only bank from its first months, where I was responsible for a seven-hour transfer outage in 2008, and rebuilt card authorisation and fraud controls at a card company. Shiomine recruited me in 2016 to decide what should replace its own mainframe.

The answer was to join Kaname, a core banking system shared by nine regional banks and operated by Mikage Information Systems. Most of my work since has followed from that choice: when to move 3.4 million accounts, how to keep what the engineers who built the old system knew, how far to rely on public cloud within the Financial Services Agency's expectations, how quickly we can restore after an attack and which payment services a regional bank should still run itself. I have changed my mind on several of them, and the pages that follow say where.

A migration moved by four months

When our third full rehearsal in October 2024 found interest differences on 19,600 time deposits and an overrunning night batch, I recommended moving cut-over from January to Golden Week 2025. The delay cost ¥2.3 billion. Every branch opened on time on its first day on the new core.

Knowledge kept before it retired

Eleven re-employed mainframe engineers stayed on final pay until after cut-over, paid to explain rather than code. They recorded 2,140 business rules; 318 were in no specification and 27 would otherwise have been applied wrongly.

Recovery measured rather than assumed

Our continuity plan promised twelve hours to restore critical systems after an attack. An isolated test in 2023 took 61. After we separated backups and administrative accounts from production, the 2025 test took 9 hours 40 minutes.

A payment app closed deliberately

We closed our own smartphone payment app in March 2026, returning 97.6% of balances automatically and moving the prefecture's voucher programme to a widely used service. The bank saves about ¥380 million a year.

Current focus

I am proposing to the Kaname member banks the first exercise in which all nine switch to the backup data centre together, rather than one at a time. I am also planning to move our internet banking front end to public cloud in 2027, but only once we have rebuilt it in our own data centre from exported configuration.

Conversations I welcome

I am not seeking another executive role. With our president's approval and a conflict review, I would accept one outside directorship at a listed company outside banking and outside our lending area, where the board wants technology risk questioned closely. I also accept occasional advisory and speaking requests.

Beyond the page

The record behind the perspective.

In the boardroom

  • Koshiji Digital Skills FoundationNon-executive director · June 2021–present

Formation

  • Bachelor of Engineering in information scienceKiriake University · 1995
  • Master of Business Administration (evening programme)Hoshimizu Graduate School of Management · 2009
Kaori came to me in November 2024 with letters already in our customers' hands and asked me to move the date anyway. She had written the rule that required it eighteen months before, and she showed me exactly what keeping it would cost. I have not regretted agreeing.
Hideaki TsukigasePresident and chief executive officer, Shiomine Financial Group
The full record ↗

Contact

I am not seeking another executive role. With our president's approval and a conflict review, I would accept one outside directorship at a listed company outside banking and outside our lending area, where the board wants technology risk questioned closely. I also accept occasional advisory and speaking requests.

  • Board appointments
  • Advisory roles
  • Speaking invitations