When a German landlord justifies a rent increase with comparison flats from its own portfolio, the tenant cannot see the hundreds of flats it might have named instead. Fairness depends on a selection rule the tenant could apply and check.
When a German landlord justifies a rent increase with comparison flats from its own portfolio, the tenant cannot see the hundreds of flats it might have named instead. Fairness depends on a selection rule the tenant could apply and check.
A German tenant usually learns what last winter's heating cost many months after the winter ended. Remote reading and the carbon-cost split now make it possible, and necessary, to govern heating data for the tenant first and the annual statement second.
External valuers of residential portfolios estimate repair spending from construction year and convention, because owners rarely send them what caretakers and surveyors already know. A data tape without the owner's bad news is a weak control over fair value.